In 1967, S. E. Hinton published "The Outsiders," a novel set in Tulsa, OK, where two classes of teens, the poor kids, known as the Greasers, and the Socs, a reference to the socially elite, constantly butt heads.
Drop back to Shakespeare's "Romeo and Juliet" and you find the Montagues and the Capulets, who eventually became the Sharks and the Jets in "West Side Story."
And today, every school has its jocks and its preps and its Goths, among others.